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Research summary

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Glutathione

Clinical10 studies

Glutathione is a naturally occurring antioxidant studied extensively for its role in cellular redox balance and detoxification pathways.

Being studied for

  • Oxidative stress reduction
  • Cellular detoxification
  • Immune system support research

Published Research

Evidence profile

Human Phase 2 evidence

10 cited publications · 8 primary trials

Findings below belong to the studies that reported them. They describe the material and conditions those authors used, not this product, and not an outcome to expect.

Supporting evidence

ClinicalPrimary trial

Effects of acute HMB-FA supplementation on antioxidant status and muscle damage in Elite Judoka: a randomized pilot trial

Tayebi SM et al. · Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2026

The study reportedAcute post-exercise HMB-FA supplementation in elite judo athletes did not significantly influence muscle damage or oxidative stress markers but transiently increased antioxidant enzyme activities (CAT, GPX, and SOD).

PMID 42084797DOI 10.1080/15502783.2026.2665962View on PubMed
ClinicalPrimary trial · Phase 2

Multinutrients Decrease Oxidative Stress in Children With ADHD: Mediation/Moderation Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trial Data

Robinette LM et al. · Journal of attention disorders · 2025

The study reportedEight weeks of multinutrient supplementation in children with ADHD reduced ROM without significant change in antioxidant status, suggesting decrease in oxidative stress.

PMID 40772654DOI 10.1177/10870547251355998NCT03252522View on PubMed
ClinicalPrimary trial

Supplementing Glycine and N-Acetylcysteine (GlyNAC) in Older Adults Improves Glutathione Deficiency, Oxidative Stress, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Inflammation, Physical Function, and Aging Hallmarks: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Kumar P et al. · The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2023

The study reportedGlyNAC supplementation in OA for 16-weeks was safe and well-tolerated. By combining the benefits of glycine, NAC and GSH, GlyNAC is an effective nutritional supplement that improves and reverses multiple age-associated abnormalities to promote health in aging humans. Clinical Trials

PMID 35975308DOI 10.1093/gerona/glac135NCT01870193View on PubMed
ClinicalPrimary trial

Eight-week supplementation of Aronia berry extract promoted the glutathione defence system against acute aerobic exercise-induced oxidative load immediately and 30 min post-exercise in healthy adults: a double-blind, randomised controlled trial

Chung JW et al. · Journal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association · 2023

The study reportedThese findings suggest that daily supplementation of 300 mg ABE might help boost GSH levels and an adaptive antioxidant enzyme defence system of erythrocytes in healthy adults with habitually low fruit and vegetable intakes.

PMID 36727618DOI 10.1111/jhn.13150View on PubMed
ClinicalPrimary trial

The effects of selenium supplementation on glycemic control, serum lipoproteins and biomarkers of oxidative stress in infertile women diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome undergoing in vitro fertilization: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Zadeh Modarres S et al. · Clinical nutrition ESPEN · 2022

The study reportedOverall, our study demonstrated that selenium supplementation for 8 weeks in infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome undergoing IVF had beneficial effects on glycemic control and MDA levels, but did not affect pregnancy rate, lipid profiles, TAC and GSH levels.

PMID 36184253DOI 10.1016/j.clnesp.2022.07.017View on PubMed
ClinicalPrimary trial

The effects of butyrate supplementation on glycemic control, lipid profile, blood pressure, nitric oxide level and glutathione peroxidase activity in type 2 diabetic patients: A randomized triple -blind, placebo-controlled trial

Khosravi Z et al. · Clinical nutrition ESPEN · 2022

The study reportedWe observed significant within-group decreases in systolic and diastolic blood pressure as well as BS2hpp following oral butyrate treatment. While no or even adverse changes in other biochemical parameters were found.

PMID 35623879DOI 10.1016/j.clnesp.2022.03.008View on PubMed
ClinicalPrimary trial

Oxidative stress and nitrate/nitrite (NOx) status following citrulline supplementation in type 2 diabetes: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Azizi S et al. · Journal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association · 2021

The study reportedThe results of the present study show the positive effects of citrulline supplementation with respect to attenuating FBS levels and oxidative stress, as well as boosting NOx status, in patients with T2DM.

PMID 32683790DOI 10.1111/jhn.12792View on PubMed
ClinicalPrimary trial

Randomized controlled trial of oral glutathione supplementation on body stores of glutathione

Richie JP Jr et al. · European journal of nutrition · 2015

The study reportedThese findings show, for the first time, that daily consumption of GSH supplements was effective at increasing body compartment stores of GSH.

PMID 24791752DOI 10.1007/s00394-014-0706-zNCT01044277View on PubMed
ReviewMeta-analysis

Effects of chromium supplementation on oxidative stress biomarkers

Amini MR et al. · International journal for vitamin and nutrition research. Internationale Zeitschrift fur Vitamin- und Ernahrungsforschung. Journal international de vitaminologie et de nutrition · 2023

The study reportedMoreover, both chromium picolinate and chromium dinicocysteinate supplementation reduced protein carbonyl levels. Conclusion: Overall, this meta-analysis demonstrated that chromium supplementation increased GSH without any significant changes in the mean of GPX, MDA, TAS, TBARS, CAT and SOD.

PMID 34013788DOI 10.1024/0300-9831/a000706View on PubMed
ReviewMeta-analysis

Effect of melatonin supplementation on oxidative stress parameters: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Morvaridzadeh M et al. · Pharmacological research · 2020

The study reportedMelatonin intake was shown to have a significant impact on improving Oxidative stress parameters. However, future research through large, well-designed randomized controlled trials are required to determine the effect of melatonin on oxidative stress parameters in different age groups and different disease types.

PMID 33007423DOI 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105210View on PubMed

Published studies summarised here concern the specific investigational or pharmaceutical materials and study conditions described by their authors. Their findings are not performance claims for Cobalt Peptides material. Citations verified against PubMed on 2026-08-09.

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