Cobalt PeptidesResearch Grade

Scientific Reference

KLOW Stack (GHK-Cu + TB-500 + BPC-157 + KPV)

Evidence profile: Component evidence only — this formulation has not itself been studied

This product is a blend of four research peptides, GHK-Cu, TB-500, BPC-157 and KPV, supplied together in one preparation. GHK-Cu is a copper-bound tripeptide first isolated from human plasma; TB-500 is the synthetic seven-residue fragment Ac-LKKTETQ from the actin-binding region of thymosin β4; BPC-157 is a 15-residue synthetic peptide derived from a sequence in a gastric juice protein; and KPV is the C-terminal tripeptide of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone. Each component has been studied on its own, mostly in cell culture and animal models. No published work has examined the four in combination, and data on their chemical stability together are lacking, so the blend has no literature of its own.

Mechanism of Action

There is no described mechanism for the four-part blend, only separate observations on its components, made in separate models. GHK-Cu is a high-affinity copper complex that has been examined in fibroblast culture. TB-500 copies the central actin-binding motif of thymosin β4, a protein that sequesters monomeric actin. BPC-157 has been examined in rodent studies of nitric oxide and VEGF receptor signalling without a settled target. KPV has been reported in cell lines to lower NF-κB activation, possibly after uptake through the PepT1 transporter. No study has asked whether these peptides interact chemically or biologically when combined, so no joint action can be described.

Molecular Information

  • Type: Four-peptide blend

Published Research

  • RGN-259 neurotrophic keratopathy phase III

    0.1% RGN-259 (Thymosin ß4) Ophthalmic Solution Promotes Healing and Improves Comfort in Neurotrophic Keratopathy Patients in a Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Masked Phase III Clinical Trial

    Sosne G et al. · International journal of molecular sciences · 2022 · Clinical · Evidence for TB-500 (Thymosin Beta-4)

    PMID 36613994 — View on PubMed

  • The effect of thymosin treatment of venous ulcers

    Guarnera G et al. · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2010 · Clinical · Evidence for TB-500 (Thymosin Beta-4)

    PMID 20536470 — View on PubMed

  • A randomized, placebo-controlled, single and multiple dose study of intravenous thymosin beta4 in healthy volunteers

    Ruff D et al. · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2010 · Clinical · Evidence for TB-500 (Thymosin Beta-4)

    PMID 20536472 — View on PubMed

  • Effects of topical copper tripeptide complex on CO2 laser-resurfaced skin

    Miller TR et al. · Archives of facial plastic surgery · 2006 · Clinical · Evidence for GHK-Cu

    PMID 16847171 — View on PubMed

  • A prospective randomized evaluator-blinded trial of two potential wound healing agents for the treatment of venous stasis ulcers

    Bishop JB et al. · Journal of vascular surgery · 1992 · Clinical · Evidence for GHK-Cu

    PMID 1495150 — View on PubMed

  • Injectable Peptide Therapy: A Primer for Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Physicians

    Mayfield CK et al. · The American journal of sports medicine · 2026 · Review · Evidence for BPC-157

    PMID 41476424 — View on PubMed