Scientific Reference

HMG

Evidence profile: Controlled human evidence

HMG (Human Menopausal Gonadotropin) is a biologically derived gonadotropin complex containing both follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) activity. It is typically extracted and purified from the urine of postmenopausal women and used in research to study reproductive endocrinology and gonadal function. As a dual-acting gonadotropin, HMG stimulates ovarian follicular development in females and supports spermatogenesis and testosterone production in males. It acts upstream in the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal (HPG) axis, directly influencing gonadal response through FSH and LH receptor activation.

Published Research

  • Human menopausal gonadotropin (HMG) combined different doses of letrozole for treating anovulatory infertility in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized controlled trial

    Li J et al. · Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics · 2025 · Clinical

    PMID 40193016 — View on PubMed
  • Subcutaneous human menopausal gonadotropin administration for controlled ovarian hyperstimulation with intrauterine insemination cycles

    Kaplan PF et al. · American journal of obstetrics and gynecology · 2000 · Clinical

    PMID 10871458 — View on PubMed
  • Prospective randomized study of human menotropin versus a follicular and a luteal phase gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog-human menotropin stimulation protocols for in vitro fertilization

    Maroulis GB et al. · Fertility and sterility · 1991 · Clinical

    PMID 1903732 — View on PubMed
  • Equivalency of human menopausal gonadotropin and follicle-stimulating hormone stimulation after gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist suppression

    Edelstein MC et al. · Fertility and sterility · 1990 · Clinical

    PMID 2104806 — View on PubMed
  • Comparative Effectiveness of Recombinant Human Follicle-Stimulating Hormone:Recombinant Human Luteinizing Hormone in a 2:1 Ratio versus Highly Purified Human Menopausal Gonadotropin Alone in Ovarian Stimulation for Medically Assisted Reproduction Treatment Using in vitro Fertilization/Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

    Dahan MH et al. · Gynecologic and obstetric investigation · 2026 · Review

    PMID 41729769 — View on PubMed
  • Human recombinant follicle stimulating hormone (rFSH) compared to urinary human menopausal gonadotropin (HMG) for ovarian stimulation in assisted reproduction: a literature review and cost evaluation

    Levi Setti PE et al. · Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2015 · Review

    PMID 25480425 — View on PubMed